Convert between Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin, and Rankine with common reference points and visual comparisons.
Quick Answer:Water freezes at 32F / 0C / 273.15K. Body temperature is 98.6F / 37C. Water boils at 212F / 100C / 373.15K.
Converted Temperature
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Fahrenheit
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Celsius
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Kelvin
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Rankine
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A quick mental shortcut for Celsius to Fahrenheit: double the Celsius value and add 30. This gives a rough estimate (e.g., 20C becomes 70F, actual is 68F). For precise scientific work, always use K = C + 273.15. The Kelvin scale is preferred in physics because it starts at absolute zero, making proportional calculations (like gas laws) straightforward.
To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, subtract 32 from the Fahrenheit value and multiply by 5/9. The formula is C = (F - 32) x 5/9. For example, 72F = (72-32) x 5/9 = 22.22C. Key reference points: water freezes at 32F (0C), body temperature is 98.6F (37C), and water boils at 212F (100C).
Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature where all molecular motion ceases. It equals 0 Kelvin, -273.15 degrees Celsius, -459.67 degrees Fahrenheit, and 0 degrees Rankine. The Kelvin scale was designed with absolute zero as its starting point, making it the standard temperature unit in scientific research.
The Rankine scale is an absolute temperature scale (like Kelvin) but based on Fahrenheit degrees instead of Celsius. It starts at absolute zero (0R = -459.67F) and is primarily used in some engineering fields in the United States, particularly thermodynamics and heat transfer calculations. To convert: R = F + 459.67.